3701-12-23. Long-term care facilities and beds and bed review criteria; state and county bed need

(A) Except as otherwise specifically provided in this rule or in another rule of this chapter, the director shall apply all of the criteria prescribed by this rule when reviewing an application for a certificate of need that relates to an existing or proposed long-term care facility, including an application for:

(1) The establishment, development, or construction of a new long-term care facility;

(2) The replacement of an existing long-term care facility;

(3) The renovation of or addition to a long-term care facility that involves a capital expenditure of two million dollars or more, not including expenditures for equipment, staffing, or operational costs;

(4) An increase in long-term care bed capacity;

(5) A relocation of long-term care beds from one physical facility or site to another, excluding relocation of beds within a long-term care facility or among buildings of a long-term care facility at the same site;

(6) The expenditure of more than one hundred ten per cent of the maximum expenditure specified in a certificate of need concerning long-term care beds.

(B) Applications for certificate of need that propose an increase in beds that is attributable to a relocation of existing beds from an existing nursing home to another existing nursing home located within a county that is contiguous to the county from which the beds are to be relocated that meet all of the following conditions may be submitted at any time:

(1) Not more than a total of thirty nursing home beds are proposed for relocation to the same existing nursing home regardless of the number of applications filed. Once the cumulative total of beds relocated under section 3702.594 of the Revised Code to a nursing home reaches thirty, no further applications under this paragraph will be accepted until the a period of five years has elapsed since the implementation of the most recent reviewable activity implemented under section 3702.594 of the Revised Code has expired;

(2) After the proposed relocation, there will be existing nursing home beds remaining in the county from which the beds are relocated; and

(3) The beds are proposed to be licensed as nursing home beds under Chapter 3721. of the Revised code.

(C) The director shall utilize the following formula to determine the number of long-term care beds needed for each county for the review process prescribed in section 3702.593 of the Revised Code:

(1) State bed need rate calculation:

Total statewide inpatient days ÷ total bed days available of these facilities = statewide long-term care bed occupancy rate

Statewide long-term care bed occupancy rate x total statewide long-term care bed supply = total statewide number of beds occupied

Total statewide number of beds occupied ÷ ninety per cent = total statewide number of beds needed

(Total statewide number of beds needed ÷ projected statewide population aged sixty-five and older) x one thousand = state bed need rate

For purposes of this rule:

Total statewide inpatient days means: The sum of inpatient days for all facilities identified by facility type as "Nursing Facility" that filed a medicaid cost report for the calendar year that is two years prior to the year in which a bed need is published for the first review process and the first phase of a four year review process.

Total bed days available of these facilities means: The sum of the long-term care bed capacity for each nursing facility that is multiplied by the number of calendar days in the reporting year. The reporting year for each facility will include only the number of calendar days that the facility was authorized to provide care and was providing services.

Total statewide long-term care bed supply means: Utilize the most recent long-term care bed supply per county that is determined by the director. The long-term care bed supply per county shall include all of the following:

(a) Licensed nursing home beds;

(b) Beds certified as nursing facility or skilled nursing facility under Title XVIII or XIX of the Social Security Act. 49 Stat. 620 (1935), 42 U.S.C. 301, as amended (1981);

(c) Beds in any portion of a hospital that are properly registered under section 3701.07 of the Revised Code as skilled nursing beds, long-term care beds, or special skilled beds, excepting beds recategorized pursuant to section 3702.521 of the Revised Code;

(d) Beds in a county home or county nursing home as defined in section 5155.31 of the Revised Code that were timely and properly reported as long-term care beds pursuant to section 5155.38 of the Revised Code; and

(e) Beds held as "approved" beds under an approved certificate of need.

Projected statewide population aged sixty-five and over means: Based on the Ohio department of development's projections for the year that is at least five years after the year in which a bed need is published for the first review process and for the first phase of a four year review process.

(2) County bed need calculation:

(Projected county population aged sixty-five and older ÷ one thousand) x state bed need rate = number of beds needed for the county

Number of beds needed for the county - bed supply for the county = bed need or excess for the county

For purposes of this rule:

Projected county population aged sixty-five and older means: The projections for each county that were used in determining the projected statewide population aged sixty-five and over.

Bed supply for the county means: The bed supply for each county that was used in determining the total statewide long-term care bed supply.

(D) If the formula projects a bed need for a county with an average annual occupancy rate of less than eighty-five per cent, the director shall find that there is no bed need.

(E) If the formula projects a bed excess for a county with an average annual occupancy rate of greater than ninety per cent, the director may approve an increase in beds equal to up to ten per cent of the long-term care bed supply for that county.

(F) Except as provided in paragraph (E) of this rule, if the formula projects a bed excess of one hundred beds or less for a county, the director shall find that there is no excess or, if the formula projects a bed excess of more than one hundred beds, the director shall find that there is a bed excess for the projected number of beds less one hundred.

(G) Beginning April 1, 2012, and every four years thereafter, the director shall publish on the department of health's website the following:

(1) Each county with a bed need and the number of beds needed for the county: and

(2) Each county with a bed excess and the number of excess beds for the county.

(H) By April 1, 2015 and every four years thereafter, the director may publish on the department of health's website, each county with a remaining bed need and the number of beds still needed for the county.

The director's decision to publish a remaining bed need for a county shall be based on the number of surrendered beds statewide, pursuant to paragraph (N)(3) of this rule, the remaining county bed need, and the county's long-term care bed occupancy rate.

Remaining bed need calculation:

Published bed need from the first phase of the four year review process - the number of beds approved for a county from the first phase of the four year review process - the number of beds approved for a county from a contiguous county after calculating the bed need for the first phase of the four year review process to calculating the remaining bed need = remaining bed need for the county.

(I) The director shall not grant a certificate of need under this rule unless the application contains documentation that the project will comply with the following requirements as applicable:

(1) For homes required to be licensed under Chapter 3721. of the Revised Code, the requirements for licensure under Chapter 3721. of the Revised Code and Chapter 3701-17 of the Administrative Code;

(2) For hospital long-term care beds, beds in county homes as defined in section 5155.31 of the Revised Code that are long-term care facilities as defined in this chapter, and long-term care beds in a long-term care facility, the requirements for certification as a nursing facility or skilled nursing facility under Title XVIII or XIX of the Social Security Act. 49 Stat. 620 (1935), 42 U.S.C. 301, as amended (1981).

(J) The director shall consider the long-term care bed capacity of proposed projects for the establishment, construction, or development of new long-term care facilities, including replacement facilities . The director may consider the following criteria :

(1) Whether the proposed facility's size is essential to serve a special health care need that otherwise will not be served, or will serve a special health care need in accordance with current, evidence-based standards of care;

(2) Whether the proposed facility is the only feasible alternative for cost-effective correction of physical plant deficiencies; or

(3) Whether the proposed facility is part of a continuing care retirement or life care community and the application demonstrates the following:

(a) The applicant will be contractually obligated to provide long-term care to current residents of the continuing care retirement or life care community; and

(b) The continuing care retirement or life care community currently provides and will continue to provide preference in admission to contractual residents of the community.

(K) The director shall not grant certificates of need for new or replacement long-term care facilities of more than one hundred fifty beds or for bed additions to existing long-term care facilities if the resulting facility will have more than one hundred fifty beds, except for a facility to replace a single, existing long-term care facility. The director may waive the criterion prescribed by this paragraph if the applicant demonstrates that a facility of more than one hundred fifty beds is essential to serve a special health care need that otherwise will not be served and that the facility can be operated in an efficient manner without sacrificing quality care for its patients.

(L) In reviewing a certificate of need application under this rule, the director may examine and consider, in accordance with this paragraph, any state or federal records relating to the licensure under Chapter 3721. of the Revised Code or, if applicable, the participation as a provider under Title XVIII or XIX of the Social Security Act, 49 Stat. 620 (1935), 42 U.S.C. 301, as amended (1981), of any long-term care facilities owned, operated, or managed by the applicant, the owner or the operator of the long-term care facility to which the application relates, or by any principal participant, as defined in paragraph (V) of rule 3701-12-01 of the Administrative Code, in an entity which is or will be the applicant, owner, or operator. The application shall contain a list of all relevant long-term care facilities with dates of ownership, operation, or management. The director also may consider records pertaining to ownership or operation by these persons of long-term care facilities in other states.

(1) The director shall deny the certificate of need if:

(a) The existing long-term care facility in which the beds are being placed has one or more waivers for life safety code deficiencies, one or more state fire code violations, or one or more state building code violations, and the project identified in the application does not propose to correct all life safety code deficiencies for which a waiver has been granted, all state fire code violations, and all state building code violations at the existing long-term care facility in which the beds are being placed; or

(b) During the sixty month period preceding the filing of the application, a notice of proposed license revocation was issued under section 3721.03 of the Revised Code for the existing long-term care facility in which the beds are placed or a nursing home owned or operated by the applicant or a principal participant; or

(c) During the period that precedes the filing of the application and is encompassed by the three most recent surveys of the existing long-term care facility in which the beds are being placed any of the following occurred:

(i) The long-term care facility was cited on three or more separate occasions for final, nonappealable actual harm, but not immediate jeopardy deficiencies;

(ii) The long-term care facility was cited on two or more separate occasions for final, nonappealable immediate jeopardy deficiencies;

(iii) The long-term care facility was cited on two separate occasions for final, nonappealable actual harm, but not immediate jeopardy deficiencies and on one occasion for a final nonappealable immediate jeopardy deficiency; or

(iv) More than two nursing homes owned or operated in this state by the applicant or a principal participant or, if the applicant or a principal participant owns or operates more than twenty nursing homes in this state, more than ten per cent of those nursing homes, were each cited during the period that precedes the filing of the application for the certificate of need and is encompassed by the three most recent standard surveys of the nursing homes that were so cited in any of the following manners:

(a) On three or more separate occasions for final, nonappealable actual harm, but not immediate jeopardy deficiencies;

(b) On two or more separate occasions for final, nonappealable immediate jeopardy deficiencies; or

(c) on two separate occasions for final, nonappealable actual harm, but not immediate jeopardy deficiencies and on one occasion for a final, nonappealable immediate jeopardy deficiency.

(2) In applying the provisions of paragraphs (L)(1)(a) to (L)(1)(c) of this rule, the director shall not consider deficiencies or violations cited before the applicant or a principal participant acquired or began to own or operate the long-term care facility at which the deficiencies or violations were cited. The director may disregard deficiencies and violations cited after the long-term care facility was acquired or began to be operated by the applicant or a principal participant if the deficiencies or violations were attributable to circumstances that arose under the previous owner or operator and the applicant or principal participant has implemented measures to alleviate the circumstances. In the case of an application proposing development of a new long-term care facility by relocation of beds, the director shall not consider deficiencies or violations that were solely attributable to the physical plant of the existing long-term care facility from which the beds are being relocated.

(3) The director also may deny the certificate of need if the applicant, owner, operator, or any principal participant has been the subject of a final determination of medicare or medicaid fraud or abuse.

(M) In determining which applications should receive preference in a comparative review process, the director shall consider, in conjunction with all other applicable criteria prescribed by this chapter, all of the following as weighted priorities. Applications that meet all applicable criteria for certificate of need approval and that receive the most points under this paragraph will be given preference. When applications that meet all applicable criteria for certificate of need approval and that are under a comparative review process for the same county receive an equal number of points under this paragraph, the director shall give preference to the application that demonstrates the greatest need for the reviewable activity. The director may approve all or part of a proposed activity.

(1) Whether the project, as described in the application, is or will be part of a continuing care retirement community (CCRC) that complies with paragraph (J)(3) of this rule upon completion of the reviewable activity. This criterion is weighted with four points for a CCRC with at least a four to one ratio of alternative beds to long-term care beds, three points with at least a three to one ratio, two points with at least a two to one ratio and one point with at least a one to one ratio. No points will be given if the ratio is less than one to one.

(a) The alternative beds shall be available to the residents and potential residents of the long-term care facility.

(b) Appropriate agreements shall exist between the long-term care facility and the alternative facility for transfer of residents.

(c) The applicant shall certify that the capital expenditure for the proposed alternative facility will be obligated, within the meaning of paragraph (A)(1)(b) of rule 3701-12-18 of the Administrative Code, at the same time as the capital expenditure for the portion of the project involving the long-term care facility.

(d) The applicant shall certify that no application will be filed by any person for a certificate of need for conversion of the alternative beds to long-term care beds for at least two years after the proposed alternative beds are occupied by residents.

(e) The application shall contain a certification that if for any reason the alternatives to inpatient long-term care cannot be developed or provided, development of the portion of the project involving the long-term care facility will be discontinued and the director will be notified immediately.

(f) The application shall contain documentation of how the long-term care facility and the alternative beds proposed will be integrated into the existing and projected community system for caring for elderly and individuals with disabilities. This documentation shall include at least:

(i) A thorough inventory of existing and projected alternative beds to inpatient long-term care within the county;

(ii) A description of the planning process leading to selection of the alternative beds proposed in the application, including discussions with appropriate community groups such as local aging agencies regarding the community's needs for alternative services; and

(iii) An analysis of the need in the community for the proposed alternative beds, taking into account the needs of the target population, the existing and projected alternative services and beds in the community, the ability of the target population to assume the cost for an alternative bed, and the expected effect of the alternative beds on utilization of long-term care facilities. The application also shall contain a demonstration of the economic viability of the proposed alternative beds.

(2) Whether the beds will serve a medically underserved population such as low-income individuals, individuals with disabilities, or individuals who are members of racial or ethnic minority groups.

(a) If the project in which the beds will be included will serve low-income individuals or individuals who are members of racial or ethnic minority groups, this criterion is weighted with one point for each medically underserved population to be served by the project that is documented as being greater than or equal to twenty-five per cent of the population of the defined service area.

(b) If the project in which the beds will be included will primarily serve individuals with special health care needs such as traumatic or acquired brain injury, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury or disability, multiple sclerosis, acquired immune deficiency syndrome or other similar conditions. This criterion is weighted three points.

(3) Whether the project in which the beds will be included will provide alternatives to institutional care, such as adult day-care, home health care, respite or hospice care, mobile meals, residential care, independent living, or congregate living services. This criterion is weighted with two points.

(4) Whether the long-term care facility's owner or operator will participate in medicaid waiver programs for alternatives to institutional care. This criterion is weighted with two points.

(5) Whether the project in which the beds will be included will reduce alternatives to institutional care by converting residential care beds or other alternative care beds to long-term care beds. This criterion is weighted with negative two points.

(6) Whether the long-term care facility in which the beds will be placed has positive resident and family satisfaction surveys. This criterion is weighted with one point.

(7) Whether the long-term care facility in which the beds will be placed has fewer than fifty long-term care beds. This criterion is weighted with one point.

(8) Whether the long-term care facility in which the beds will be placed is located within the service area of a hospital and is or will be designed to accept patients for rehabilitation after an in-patient hospital stay. This criterion is weighted with two points.

(9) Whether the long-term care facility in which the beds will be placed is or proposes to become a nurse aide training and testing site. This criterion is weighted with one point.

(10) The rating, under the centers for medicare and medicaid services' five star nursing home quality rating system, of the long-term care facility in which the beds will be placed. This criterion is weighted with one point for a four star rating and two points for a five star rating at the time the application is declared complete.

(N) For applications made under the first phase of a four year review process, the director shall:

(1) Limit the number of beds approved for a county to no more than the number of beds determined to be needed in the receiving county;

(2) Maintain, after the relocation, the number of beds in the source facility's service area at least equal to the state bed need rate. For purposes of this paragraph, a facility's service area shall be either of the following:

(a) The census tract in which the facility is located, if the facility is located in an area designated by the United States secretary of health and human services as a health professional shortage area under the "Public Health Service Act," 88 Stat. 682 (1944), 42 U.S.C. 254(e), as amended;

(b) The area that is within a fifteen mile radius of the facility's location, if the facility is not located in a health professional shortage area; and

(i) For the purpose of this rule, "fifteen mile radius" means the circular area extending fifteen and zero tenths of a mile from the facility's main entrance;

(ii) The fifteen mile radius from the facility's main entrance shall be determined utilizing global positioning system ("GPS") data.

and

(3) Require the operator of the long-term care facility from which beds were relocated to reduce the number of beds operated in the facility by a number of beds equal to at least ten per cent of the number of beds relocated. If these beds are in a home licensed under Chapter 3721. of the Revised Code, the long-term care facility shall have the beds removed from the license. If the beds are in a facility that is certified as a skilled nursing facility or nursing facility under Title XVIII or XIX of the "Social Security Act," the facility shall surrender the certification of those beds. If the beds are registered as skilled nursing beds or long-term care beds under section 3701.07 of the Revised Code, the long-term care facility shall surrender the registration of these beds. In calculating the number of beds to be surrendered to the director, the number of beds shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number.

(a) This reduction shall be completed not later than the implementation date of the project for which the beds were relocated.

(b) If the director has not received evidence from the facility from which the beds are relocated, of the reduction of the required number of beds on or before the date of the completion of the project, the director shall remove those beds from the facility license, certification, or registration.

(O) For applications made under the second phase of a four year comparative review process, the director shall:

(1) Limit the number of beds approved for a county to no more than the remaining bed need published for a county;

(2) Limit the number of beds approved for re-distribution to no more than the number of beds surrendered pursuant to paragraph (N)(3) of this rule from the first phase of the four year comparative review process at the time the last notice of completeness is mailed under paragraph (J) of rule 3701-12-08 of the Administrative Code for applications filed under this phase of the comparative review process; and

(3) Not re-distribute under a future review process, any surrendered beds that were not re-distributed during the second phase of a four year review process.

(P) When a certificate of need application is approved during the first phase of a four year review process, upon completion of the project for which the certificate of need was granted a number of beds equal to the number of beds relocated shall cease to be operated in the long-term care facility from which the beds were relocated, except that the beds may continue to be operated for not more than fifteen days to allow relocation of residents to the facility to which the beds have been relocated. Effective fifteen days after the beds are relocated:

(1) If the relocated beds are in a home licensed under Chapter 3721. of the Revised Code, the facility's license will be automatically reduced by the number of beds relocated;

(2) If the beds are in a facility that is certified as a skilled nursing facility or nursing facility under Title XVII or XIX of the "Social Security Act", the certificated shall be surrendered; or

(3) If the beds are registered under section 3701.07 of the Revised Code as skilled nursing beds or long-term care beds, the director shall remove those beds from registration.

(Q) For applications that propose the inter-county relocation of beds or the re-distribution of surrendered beds pursuant to paragraph (N)(3) of this rule, the director shall consider existing community resources within the service area that are serving elderly or individuals with disabilities.

(R) For applications that propose an increase in beds that is attributable to a replacement or relocation of existing beds from an existing long-term care facility within the same county, the director shall authorize no additional beds beyond those being replaced or relocated.

Effective: 1/19/2017
Five Year Review (FYR) Dates: 08/01/2020
Promulgated Under: 119.03
Statutory Authority: 3702.52, 3702.521, 3702.57
Rule Amplifies: 3702.51, 3702.52, 3702.524, 3702.526, 3702.527, 3702.54, 3702.58, 3702.59, 3702.592, 3702.593, 3702.594
Prior Effective Dates: 12/21/1982 (Emer.), 3/19/83, 6/22/84 (Emer.), 9/14/84 (Emer.), 12/13/84 (Emer.), 12/23/87 (Emer.), 4/4/88, 1/2/89, 12/31/90, 5/28/93 (Emer.), 9/6/99, 9/27/07, 9/1/08, 3/25/10, 2/1/11, 9/2/13, 10/23/15